Cellulite is a common term used to describe superficial pockets of trapped fat, which cause uneven dimpling or "orange peel" skin. It appears in 90 percent of post-adolescent women and is rarely seen in men. Cellulite is typically found in the thighs, buttocks, and abdomen.
Contrary to popular belief, cellulite is not related to obesity; it occurs in overweight, normal, and thin women.

The Hormonal Connection

Special importance is placed on hormonal factors since cellulite develops mainly in women during periods of hormonal change, such as puberty, pregnancy, menopause, premenstrual syndrome, and the initial months on birth control pills. Hormones are responsible for regulating the changes in blood flow, lymphatic drainage, fat, and connective tissue, all of which play a role in the formation of cellulite.

Cellulite Formation

Cellulite forms as a result of complex physiological changes to the subcutaneous fat layer. However, without a healthy lifestyle, the overall appearance of existing cellulite can worsen over time due to weight gain, poor nutrition, and inadequate water intake.

Treatments

Treatments for cellulite remain largely unsuccessful because they only target the appearance of cellulite. But the dimpling on the surface of the skin is merely a symptom of the underlying cause.
No treatment option is permanent. Cellulite can continue to develop as we age. The primary function of treatment is to improve the appearance of cellulite by enhancing skin tone, tightening skin, and promoting lymphatic drainage. An integrated approach to cellulite is probably best of all.

Some of the popular treatments for cellulite include the following:

• Endermologie is a non-surgical treatment approved by the FDA for cellulite reduction. Endermologie is a patented technique involving a mechanized device with two motorized rollers and regulated suction. This non-surgical and non-invasive device creates a symmetrical skin fold, which allows for deep tissue mobilization to occur and results in reduction of cellulite and loss of inches. Endermologie has been used as a treatment for cellulite reduction and skin toning.
• Ultrasound is another non-surgical treatment for cellulite reduction. The FDA has approved Med Sculpt computerized body massage and ultrasound system. Some doctors have noted that Endermologie treatment may be more effective in reducing cellulite if preceded by about ten minutes of ultrasound treatment.
• Massage increases circulation and lymphatic drainage, reduces muscular spasms, and breaks down adhesions. Body wraps are thought to promote temporary fluid loss through the compression of the wrap, and the massage conducted during the treatment. The wrap may combine one or more substances such as mud, aloe, aromatherapy, and seaweed. Body wraps are generally beneficial for relaxation, as well as softening the skin, but they do not reduce cellulite.
• Electric muscle stimulators have been used to apply a direct electrical current into the affected area to break up hardened tissue strands, clustered fat cells, and accumulated fluid. However, the FDA considers promotion of muscle stimulators for cellulite reduction and body contouring to be ineffective.
• Liposuction has been used to shape the appearance of accumulated fat layers and cellulite. However, the primary function of the procedure is to remove localized fat areas, not cellulite. In cases, where liposuction involves the removal of large quantities of reserve fat, it can sometimes worsen the appearance of cellulite.
• Creams and gels such as Xanthines, Retinoids, and Alpha Hydroxy Acids may work to increase the exfoliation process which regenerates new tightened skin. However, creams and gels are not FDA approved for cellulite removal.
• Maintaining proper weight has been thought to impact the appearance of cellulite as well. An increase in volume within the fat layers can magnify the appearance of existing dimples. Cellulite cannot be eliminated or effectively reduced by diet and exercise, but diet and exercise can render cellulite more responsive to other recognized methods of cellulite reduction.